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2 Sheets-Sheet 1, G. L. SWETT. HEATER FOR HYDROGARBO N OILS.

Patented Oct. 27, 1891.

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WITNESEEE (No Model.)

2 Sh eetsSheet 2. G. L. SWET T. HEATER FOR HYDROGAEBON OILS.

Patented Oct. 27, 1891.

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" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. GREENLEAF L. SVVETT, OF LEOMINSTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO CHARLES H. WILDER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AND LUKE A lVILDER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEATER FOR HYDROCARBON OILS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 462,175, dated October 2'7, 1891.

Application filed November 7, 1890. Serial No. 371,107. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern: converging toward a vertical hollow exten- Be it known that I, GREENLEAF L. SW ETT, sion depending from the lower edges of the a citizen of the United States, residing at the converging walls of the shield D into a watown of Leominster, in the countyof Worcestor-reservoir C, which lies within the wickter and State of Massachusetts, have invented tubes and is detachably supported by brackcertain new and useful Improvements in .ets I. Heaters for Burning Hydrocarbon Oils, of Surrounding the burner-tubes B is the anwhich the following is a specification. nular oil-reservoir B for supplying said tubes,

My invention relates to certain improvesaid reservoir being supported upon brackets to ments in furnaces for burning hydrocarbon H, riveted or otherwise fastened to the inner 6o oils and for eifecting an economical combuswall of the base A. tion thereof without smoke, soot, or odor. Projecting from the exterior of the burner The object of my invention is to provide a reservoir are a series of radial stops b, which novel apparatus wherein the combustion of serve to center the reservoir, hold it upon the I 5 oil of the kind mentioned may be carried on brackets H and preserve it in its proper re- 6 5 without the heating of the oil-reservoir,which lations t0 the burners. Upon the outer side not only tends to volatilize the lighter conof the latter I arrange an outer shield E, of stituents of the oil, but causes the enlargesubstantially equal height with the inner .ment of the volume of heat and flame from shield D and provided with a peripheral 20 the burner, thereby requiring a more or less flange d, by which it is seated upon the upconstant attention and adjustment to prevent per edge of the base A. odor and the generation of smoke and soot. Between the converging edges of the inner To accomplish this object myinvention inand outer shields D and Ethe flame from the volves the features of construction, the comwicks rises, an ample draft being provided 7 25 bination or arrangement of parts, and the both outside and inside the burner-reservoir principles of operation hereinafter described B. The inner shield D is composed of some and claimed, reference being made to the acmetal or metals which are good conductors of companying drawings, in which heat, and thismetalis extendeddownwardinto Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a the waterin thereservoir C,wherebyitis there- 0 furnace embodying my said invent-ion. Fig. inheated and acertain quantityof vapor given 2' is a top or plan view, the cover being reoft therefrom. This vapor is divided by the moved. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken two shields, one portion passing up into the upon the linex y of Fig. 1. Fig.4 is a detail air, which supports the combustion of the oil View of a portion of the wall of the furnace, carried up by the capillarity of the wicks,

3 5 showing the tubes upon a somewhat enlarged while the other part passes up into and minscale. Fig. 5 is a detail section taken upon gles with the products of combustion which the linez z in Fig. 4. are thrown off by the flame, whereby the In the said drawings, the reference-letterA partly-exhausted products of combustion are designates the base of the furnace, which is sufficiently enriched with oxygen to secure 4o ordinarily of circular form and provided with their more perfect and complete combus- 9c air-openings of the well-known form. tion.

The reference-letter B denotes the auxil- Upon the base A is mounted a cylindrical iary oil-reservoir for the burners B, which reservoir composed of an inner circular-wall are of substantially rectangular form, occu- J and an outer and parallel wall L. Upon 5 pying three sides of a square, as shown in the top of the inner cylindrical wall J is 5 Fig. Within this three-sided rectangle, mounted a closed cover K, and a little below each part of which is formed of fiat vertical the same is formed a series of openings N, wick-tubes containing wicks F, raised and pierced through the inner wall J at any suitlowered by the usual wick-adjusters a, is arable intervals to permit passage of the pro- 50 rangedaninsideshieldD,havingitsthreesides ducts of combustion. zoo

Between the inner wall J and the outer and parallel wall L are arranged a series of vertical tubes M, open at both ends and extending from the bottom to the top of the closed reservoir formed by the interior wall Jand the cover K. By reason of this construction the air has a free passage through the said tubes M, the outer wall inclosing and preveutin g the Waste of heat by radiation and intensifying the combustion at the point where the partly-consumed products of combustion emerge from the inner chamber, while the constant flow of atmospheric air over the annular burnerreservoir B and around the same upon all sides tends to reduce the temperature of the reservoir, being such as to permit said circulation from below and upon both its vertical sides upward.

The burner rese rvoir B is connected with the wick-tubes B by means of one or more small pipes G entering said wick-tubes at or near the lower portion thereof, and having a diameter proportioned to the consumption of each wick. The burner -reservoir may be supplied froma separate reservoir, (not shown in the drawings) or it may be filled through a supply-tube m, which is closed by a cap 0. The parts being constructed and arranged as shown and described, it is only necessary to fill the oil tank or reservoir B and water-tank 0, insert the wicks, and light and adjust the flames.

The water-reservoir C fulfills the conditions required to saturate the air used for combustion with vapor rising from thewater,which air is thus enriched to such an extent as to effect a reduction in the quantity of oil required for a given amount of heat. The water-resenvoir also supplies vapor to the products of combustion, thereby enriching them with oxygen to such an extent as to make them supporters of combustion.

The production of vapor in the water-reservoir is facilitated by constructing the inner shield D of material which is a good conductor of heat; but I do not limit myself to this inner shield for such purpose.

pass up into the air which supportsthe combustion of the oil and the other portion to pass up into and mingle ,with the products of combustion which are thrown off from the flame, the inner shield having a downward extension projecting into the body of water in thewater reservoir, substantially as described.

3. An apparatus forb urning hydrocarbon oil, consisting of a Wick-tube having internal supports, an oil-reservoir surrounding the wick-tube and communicating therewith, a removable and replaceable water -reservoir independent of the Wick-tube having an open top and detachably resting upon the internal supports of the wick-tube, and a shield supported above the water-reservoir and having a downward extension projecting into the body of water in the reservoir, substantially as described.

4. In a furnace for burning hydrocarbon oils, the combination,- With a supporting-base, of one or more wick-tubes, a separate oil-reservoir connected with said wick tube or tubes by a pipe or pipes of small diameter, an aircirculation space being left between said reservoir and the wick-tubes on one side and the supporting-base upon the other side, an

inner and outer shield for said wick-tubes, and a water-reservoir arranged within the wick tube or tubes, the oil-reservoir being composed of material adapted to reflect the heat, while the inner shield is formed of material adapted to absorb the heat given off by the burner, substantially as described.

5. An apparatus for burning hydrocarbon oil, consisting of a perforated cylindrical base lindrical walls, the inner wall having a closed cover and perforations adjacent thereto, and a serles of air-tubes rising between the said outer and inner walls and having theirlower open ends arranged outside of the cylindrical base for the ascent of the external atmosphere, substantially as described.

GREENLEAF L. SVVETT.

In presence of LUKE A. WILDER, R. H. LIBBY. 

